By Linus Joseph Dewald Jr., Editor
Winter 2001 and Revised 21 May 2004
Neil D. Thompson, CG, FASG, in the October, 2000 issue of "The American Genealogist" [Vol. 75, No. 4], traces Francis' roots back to about 1510. We prepared a critique of the article in our Summer 2001 article at Francis Nichols of Sedgeberrow, Worcester, England . In summary, we found the article thought provoking, but inconclusive as to Francis' roots.
We have received additional information from Paul Nichols in his email of 27 Dec 2001. It reads, in part, as follows:
- First, he concluded that Francis of Sedgeberrow was our immigrant ancestor with only records of the baptisms for all but the last three of his children. As we now know, the Sedgeberrow records fortunately include the baptism of an eighth child, Isaac Nicholls (a much less common name).
- Also, Sedgeberrow is only 3 miles south of Bengeworth, where Francis Nicholss daughter Janes husband lived. Mr. Thompson told me that he was not searching for Francis Nichols near Bengeworth, so the fact that the two towns were so close definitely strengthens the case that he found the right Francis Nichols. (By email of 30 Dec 2001, Paul Nichols elaborates as follows:)
- "I think the Jane Washburn connection is very significant, especially
since Neil Thompson did not search the Sedgeberrow records because the town
was near Bengeworth. We know that William Washburn's wife was Jane Nichols
because of the [reference in the Will of their son] to "uncle Isaac
Nichols of Stratford," and we also know that William came from Bengeworth. Finding Francis Nichols with a daughter Jane 2 years younger than William Washburn and living within a 5-minute horseback ride of his home is, to me, pretty good evidence that Thompson found the right family."
- One other thing that may offer a slight connection between the Sedgeberrow Nichollses and the immigrant ancestor - the name of Roger Nichols's wife appears to be "Timbrell," same as the maiden name of William Washburn's mother. William married Sgt. Francis Nichols's daughter Jane.
"On December 3 of this year, I had the opportunity to visit the tiny village of Sedgeberrow in Worcestershire, England (1991 population, 713). Sedgeberrow is the town in which genealogist Neil Thompson, in an October 2000 article in The American Genealogist, suggests that Sgt. Francis Nichols of Stratford, Connecticut, was born. One of the things I wanted to see was whether the parish church might be old enough to be the same one that Francis and his ancestors attended centuries ago.
I found the old church, took a picture, and it is online at http://www.his.com/~pnichols/sedgeberrow.html . Unfortunately, the church was locked, so I couldnt get inside. I asked a couple people in the only store in town if they knew the age of the church; they not only didnt know, but didnt seem to care. That afternoon, when I went to the Worcestershire Library and History Centre, I learned from Pages Victoria History of the Counties of England: A History of Worcestershire, Volume III (1913) that the church was dedicated in 1331, so it was already 300 years old by the time Francis Nichols left the area. This book has a photograph of the chancel area inside the church, which Ive also put online at http://www.his.com/~pnichols/Sedgeberrrow_church_chancel.jpg
I didnt have much time, but I did want to see what else I could find at the History Centre. They have baptismal, marriage, and burial records on microfilm (courtesy of the LDS) of about 250 Worcester parishes, including the Sedgeberrow parish. Luckily, that parish is one of several to have had the hard-to-read parish records transcribed and bound and available in the Centre. The transcribed volume is not attributed, but the web site of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust (Sedgeberrow isnt far from Stratford-upon-Avon) indicates it is the work of J. Harvey Bloom around the beginning of the 19th century. I should have Xeroxed the entire thing, but instead I rather hurriedly wrote down all the Nicholls records (which turned out to be more than I thought there would be). Unfortunately, even Blooms transcription was a bit hard to read, and I probably got some of his abbreviated months wrong. I found 44 Nicholls baptisms (1569-1638), 6 Nicholls marriages (1568-1636) and 26 Nicholls burials (1582-1644).
These records are now online at http://www.his.com/~pnichols/nicholls_records.html .
During this 70-year period, Nicholls was one of the most common names in Sedgeberrow; there were only 235 baptisms, and 44 of them (19%) were Nicholls children. After the dates indicated above, the name Nicholls never again appeared in the register, lending support to the idea that Francis Nicholls left Sedgeberrow before his son Caleb was born. The baptismal records include the children of John Nicholls baptized between 1575 and 1592; he is thought to be the father of Sgt. Francis Nichols (baptized 1575). I copied the Francis Nicholls baptismal record, and it too is online at href = "http://www.his.com/~pnichols/baptism.gif . This record shows how difficult these old parish records are to read - the early ones arent even in English, but in Latin. Around the same time Johns children were born, there are also baptismal records of five children of a Roger Nicholls. All of the Nicholls records at Sedgeberrow were for the families and descendents of John and Roger. So far, theres no indication if or how Roger was related to John.
Interestingly, Roger also had a son Francis, baptized in 1580. Our Francis married Frances Wimarke, who was baptized in 1577. Johns son Francis would have been about 2 years older than Miss Wimarke, and Rogers son Francis about 3 years younger. These slight age differences and the names of subsequent children would suggest that our Francis was the son of John rather than Roger. Its possible that both of the Francis Nichollses had children; Neil Thompson, in his article, attributed all children of Francis Nicholls except one (Elizabeth, born September 1606) to the Sergeant.
The last book I could find to consult was a volume of Worcestershire County court records, 1591-1643. The only reference I found to a Nicholls in Sedgeberrow indicated that William Nichols (possibly Francis Nicholls brother) was indicted in 1643 with three others "for not working in the repair of the highways there on the appointed days." I didnt think I would find any reference to Franciss son Caleb, and I didnt. And just to cover all bases, before I went, I had a professional researcher in Worcester see if she could find anything on Caleb, and she couldnt either.
One minor detail that doesnt agree with Thompsons article: neither she nor the ranscriber of the parish records thought the record showed that Francis Nichols had twin sons, Joseph and Jonathan, born in 1614. I looked at the microfilm of those records, and it appeared that Joseph was baptized 30 April (or August?) 1614; the next record was Jonathan, last name unclear, baptized 31 August. Carol Tilson thinks the format of the entry for Joseph (one line instead of two) suggests that he was indeed a twin of Jonathan. Those of you who have copies of the LDS film can see what you think.
Overall, I believe the evidence that Francis Nicholls of Sedgeberrow was the immigrant Sgt. Francis Nichols of Stratford is stronger than that presented by Neil Thompson.
I would be interested in comparing notes and thoughts with any other descendents of Sgt. Francis Nichols as I rewrite my version of The Nichols Family to include the Sedgeberrow information. "
While Thompson's article might correctly identify Francis Nichols' ancestry, and while the contents of Paul Nichols' emails, above, adds additional background information and perspective, some troubling aspects still remain:
- There still is no direct evidence that the Sedgeberrow Francis Nichols ever emigrated to America. He could have died anywhere in England after the last recorded birth of a child in 1617 in Sedgeberrow. There is a gap of 22 years until 1639 before the Stratford, CT Francis Nichols first appears.
- The only evidence is indirect and based on two children (John and Isaac) having the same names as those of Francis Nichols of Stratford, CT and on finding Francis Nichols with a daughter Jane 2 years younger than William Washburn and living within a 5-minute horseback ride of his home.
- "John" is a common name which would have been found in a great many Nichols families in England. That leaves only "Isaac" as a common denominator.
- There still is no evidence that the Sedgeberrow Francis ever had a son named Caleb, so, for now, one has to resort to imagination that he did.
If you have any information about the folks mentioned in this article, please contact us at dewald@prenticenet.com and please include the title and date of this article.
Footnore 1:
Sedgeberrow Parish Records. Baptisms, Marriages, and Burials 1566-1783. A Full Abstract of the Register of Sedgeberrow, County Worcester. Bound volume at the Worcestershire Library and History Centre, Trinity Street, Worcester WR1 2PW, UK. Nicholls baptisms: Henrie, son of Roger, 1 Oct 1569 John, son of Roger, 24 Aug.1571 George, son of Roger, 24 Oct.1577 Francis, son of Roger, 30 July 1580 Stephen, son of Roger, 11 Sept. 1584 Francis, son of John, 25 May 1575 John, son of John, 3 May 1577 William, son of John, 3 January 1579 Goodith, daughter of John, 17 March 1581 Henrie, son of John, 13 April 1583 Elinor, daughter of John, 18 August 1586 Ann, daughter of John, 15 Sept., 1590 Elizabeth, daughter of John, 22 Sept. 1592 Marie, daughter of Henrie, 10 April 1590 Edward, son of Henrie, 27 May 1592 Elizabeth, daughter of Henrie, 21 Oct. 1594 Henrie, son of Henrie, 20 March 1596 Joan, daughter of Henrie, 13 Feb. 1599 John, son of Francis, 16 May 1601 Jane, daughter of Francis, 3 Nov. 1603 Henrie, son of Francis, 19 Nov. 1605 Elizabeth, daughter of Francis, Sept. 1606 Anne, daughter of Francis, 18 Oct. 1606 Margaret, daughter of Francis, 4 Jan. 1608 Francis, son of Francis, 25 August 1611 Joseph, son of Francis, 31 Aug 1614 Jonathan, son of Francis, 31 Aug 1614 Sarah, daughter of Francis, 7 Nov. 1615 Isaac, son of Francis, 27 Dec. 1617 Stephen, son of Stephen, 25 April 1611 John, son of Stephen, 13 April 1614 Richard, son of Stephen, 6 Oct. 1616 Mary, daughter of Stephen, 20 Feb. 1617 William, son of Stephen, 14 June 1620 Thomas, son of Stephen, 1 Sept. 1622 Henrie, son of Stephen, 27 April 1626 Francis, son of Stephen, 11 May 1628 Ann, daughter of Stephen, 26 Sept. 1630 Henrie, son of Anne, 18 June 1615 Anne, daughter of William, 27 Feb. 1622 William, son of William, 27 Nov. 1627 Elizabeth, daughter of William, 21 April, 1630 Mary, daughter of William, 30 May 1634 William, son of William and Elizabeth, 1 May 1636 Margaret, daughter of William and Elizabeth, 24 April 1638 (No more Nicholls baptisms listed) Nicholls Burials: Goodith Nicholls, daughter of John, 27 April 1582 Margerie Nicholls, widow, 20 April, 1586 Elinor Nicholls, widow, 8 June 1592 Elizabeth Nicholls, daughter of John, 19 May 1595 Harry Nicholls, son of John, 5 June 1595 John Nicholls, 6 August 1597 Marie Nicholls, daughter of Henrie, 14 Feb. 1601 Henrie Nicholls, son of Francis, 21 Dec. 1605 Anne Nicholls, daughter of Francis, 25 Sept. 1606 Henry Nicholls, son of Margaret, widow, 22 August 1614 Joseph Nicholls, son of Francis, 2 September 1614 Jonathan Nicolls son of Francis, 4 Sep 1614. Marie Nicholls, wife of Roger, 17 Jan. 1614 Richard Nicholls, son of Stephen, 26 May 1617 Roger Nicholls, 3 Oct 1621 Stephen Nicholls, son of Stephen, 21 July 1623 Henry Nicholls, son of Stephen, 20 May 1626 Joane Nicholls, wife of John, 29 Nov. 1627 Joane Nicholls, wife of Stephen, 28 May 1628 Francis Nicholls, son of Stephen, 1 June 1628 William Nicholls, son of William, 31 August 1629 Anne Nicholls, wife of Stephen, 9 October 1630 William Nicholls, son of William and Elizabeth, 15 July 1637 Stephen Nicholls, 17 Jan. 1637 Margaret Nicholls, daughter of Elizabeth, 4 Sept. 1640 Margaret Nicholls, widow, 4 March 1640 Margaret Nicholls, 29 October 1644 (No more Nicholls burials listed) Nicholls marriages: Roger Nicholls married Marie Timbrell (?), 29 Jan. 1568 Francis Nicholls married Francis Wimarke, 24 Jan. 1599 Elinor Nicholls married Thomas Payton, 2 Jan. 1613 Elizabeth Nicholls married William Widowes (?), 30 Oct. 1628 Stephen Nicholls married Anne Brige (?), 31 Dec.(?) 1629 Thomas Nicholls married Anne Smyth (?), 11 Oct. 1636 (No more Nicholls marriages listed)
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